Video 1

Movie S1. Nafion at the bottom. Shown is exclusion zone formation in a vertical setup with Nafion placed at the bottom of the cell containing polystyrene particles (concentration: 0.04 wt%) suspended in a 1-mM NaCl solution. The movie is sped up 300× (movie at 60 fps, each frame corresponding to 5 s in real time). The interplay between diffusiophoretic and gravitational forces creates violent flow instabilities.