Video 2

Movie S2. Control of pacing with electrical stimulation. Top-view movie of bio-bot paced at increasing stimulation frequencies (1, 2, 3 Hz). The muscle strip contracted with enough force to move the pillars of the structure.

Three-dimensionally printed biological machines powered by skeletal muscle

Caroline Cvetkovic, Ritu Raman, Vincent Chan, Brian J. Williams, Madeline Tolish, Piyush Bajaj, Mahmut Selman Sakar, H. Harry Asada, M. Taher A. Saif, and Rashid Bashir

PNAS. 2014. 111:10125-10130 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1401577111