Movie S1.

A white-crowned sparrow (Zonotrichia leucophrys) foraging during our laboratory experiments in the silent treatment (silent track playing). Note the high foraging rate and low vigilance rate as the bird keeps its head below back level for much of the foraging period. Also notice the extensive movement of the bird around the foraging arena.

A phantom road experiment reveals traffic noise is an invisible source of habitat degradation

Heidi E. Ware, Christopher J. W. McClure, Jay D. Carlisle, and Jesse R. Barber

PNAS. 2015. 112:12105-12109 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1504710112