Movie S4.

The sheet structure of the nerve fiber layer permits intravital sequential time-lapse imaging at submicrometer resolution of mitochondria transported in a single axon. MIMIR shows preserved blood flow (open arrow) and highly dynamic axonal transport of mitochondria in the mammalian CNS under physiological conditions in vivo. Arrowheads indicate RGC cell bodies; asterisks indicate RGC axons. The dynamics of axonal transport of mitochondria in MIMIR are clearly different from those seen in the explant imaging of the retina (Movie S1). Note that in Movie S4 at submicrometer resolution, the focus is maintained for 5 min without artifacts caused by heartbeat and breathing. Movie S4, which was acquired every 3 s without z-stacks, shows that MIMIR did not cause phototoxicity during 5 min. Time is indicated as min:s.

In vivo imaging of axonal transport of mitochondria in the diseased and aged mammalian CNS

Yuji Takihara, Masaru Inatani, Kei Eto, Toshihiro Inoue, Alexander Kreymerman, Seiji Miyake, Shinji Ueno, Masatoshi Nagaya, Ayami Nakanishi, Keiichiro Iwao, Yoshihiro Takamura, Hirotaka Sakamoto, Keita Satoh, Mineo Kondo, Tatsuya Sakamoto, Jeffrey L. Goldberg, Junichi Nabekura, and Hidenobu Tanihara

PNAS. 2015. DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1509879112