Movie S2.
Electrothermal actuation of the spiral coil from Fig. 3 when restrained to one axis. A brass rod in the center of the coil confines actuation so that the coil must actuate vertically, against gravity, when heated.
New twist on artificial muscles
PNAS. 2016. 113:11709-11716 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1605273113