Movie S1.

Raw images annotated with the tracking results for three families (red, blue, and magenta outlines) for WT in FC1 (T = 29.5 h). Each outline is a single bacterium boundary, and other bacteria are gray. The movie is cropped to the families’ spatial positions. The movie’s upper-left corner corresponds to (x, y) = (361, 7) (pixels) in the raw images (origin in the upper-left corner). The lower-right corner shows the time stamp (hour:minutes:seconds) and frame number (4,004–7,600, every four frames, 3 s per frame), where frame 1 corresponds to t = 20.5 h. The upper-left corner shows a 5-μm scale bar (movie dimensions of 664 × 608 pixels). The movie is playing back at 20 frames per s (1 min of real-time recording per second of playback). Shown here is a snapshot of frame 5,804 (25 h:20 min:12 s).

Multigenerational memory and adaptive adhesion in early bacterial biofilm communities

Calvin K. Lee, Jaime de Anda, Amy E. Baker, Rachel R. Bennett, Yun Luo, Ernest Y. Lee, Joshua A. Keefe, Joshua S. Helali, Jie Ma, Kun Zhao, Ramin Golestanian, George A. O’Toole, and Gerard C. L. Wong

PNAS. 2018. 115:4471-4476 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1720071115