Movie S6.

Periodic muscle contraction on top of an unbuckled hydrogel tube under 1 Hz electrical stimulation.

Biohybrid valveless pump-bot powered by engineered skeletal muscle

Zhengwei Li, Yongbeom Seo, Onur Aydin, Mohamed Elhebeary, Roger D. Kamm, Hyunjoon Kong, and M. Taher A. Saif

PNAS. 2019. 116:1543-1548 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1817682116