Movie S1.

Real-time images of a typical process of a water vapor nanobubble’s nucleation, growth and dissolution, from which some specific snapshots shown in Fig. 1C is extracted. The first SPRM image is subtracted in Movie S1 to better display the relative change in the local refractive index. Note that the nucleation position does not overlap with the optical center of dark shadow in SPRM image due to the propagation of SPPs (upwards herein).