Movie S2.

Sono-optogenetic stimulation of mouse motor cortex to evoke contralateral limb movement. This movie shows repetitive FUS excitation of the mouse secondary motor cortex in the right cerebral hemisphere through intact scalp and skull without any craniotomy or brain implant in a Thy1-ChR2-YFP mouse (left column) and a wild-type C57BL/6J mouse (right column) without (top row) and with intravenous injection of ZnS:Ag,Co@ZnS nanoparticles (bottom row). Contralateral limb movement in synchrony with the FUS (indicated by the red dot in the upper left corner) is only found in the Thy1-ChR2-YFP mouse after intravenous injection of the ZnS:Ag,Co@ZnS nanoparticles. The frame rate is 25 frames per second (fps) and the video is played at real time. Detailed protocol for in vivo sono-optogenetic stimulation with circulation-delivered ZnS:Ag,Co@ZnS nanoparticles is described in Materials and Methods.