Movie S2.

Time-lapse video of P. putida I-CeuI+ stained with DAPI. The chromosomal DNA was lost in 450 min or at an estimated rate of 225 bp/sec.

Chromosome-free bacterial cells are safe and programmable platforms for synthetic biology

Catherine Fan, Paul A. Davison, Robert Habgood, Hong Zeng, Christoph M. Decker, Manuela Gesell Salazar, Khemmathin Lueangwattanapong, Helen E. Townley, Aidong Yang, Ian P. Thompson, Hua Ye, Zhanfeng Cui, Frank Schmidt, C. Neil Hunter, and Wei E. Huang

PNAS. 2020. 117:6752-6761 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1918859117