Movie S1.
Individual twitching cells cause displacement of fluorescent beads. Beads are in red and green. Cells are a gliding-deficient ΔaglQ strain. Time interval is 30 s; movie plays at three frames per second.
Force generation by groups of migrating bacteria
PNAS. 2017. 114:7266-7271 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1621469114