This video highlights actuation strain capabilities. The LM-LCE composite is actuated to full actuation. Clips to record actuation strain as a function of actuation frequency are also shown for frequencies of 10 Hz, 3 Hz, and 0.005 Hz.
Michael J. Ford, Cedric P. Ambulo, Teresa A. Kent, Eric J. Markvicka, Chengfeng Pan, Jonathan Malen, Taylor H. Ware, and Carmel Majidi
PNAS. 2019. 116:21438-21444 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1911021116